Part 30 - Expressing “Even If” / Concession

Part 30.1 - ~아/어도 — Even if, Even though

Basic Information

The ending ~아/어도 is used to express the meaning of **“even if”** or **“even though”** in Korean.
It shows that **even if one condition happens, another result will still occur** or **one action will still be taken**.
It is often translated as:

• even if
• even though
• although

Grammar Rule

Here’s how to use it:

• Verb/Adjective stem + 아도 (if last vowel is ㅏ or ㅗ)
• Verb/Adjective stem + 어도 (for all other vowels)
• 하다 → 해도

Usage: Add **~아/어도** to a verb or adjective stem to express concession or to say that the second clause will happen regardless of the first.

Example Sentences

Important Notes

• **~아/어도** can be used with both verbs and adjectives.
• The action or result in the second part happens regardless of the first part.
• It is commonly used to show **determination**, **unexpected outcomes**, or **emphasis on contrast**.

Summary

Use ~아/어도 to:

• Express **concession** or **contrast**.
• Say that something will happen regardless of a certain condition.
• Emphasize determination or certainty.

This is a very useful and versatile pattern in Korean conversation!

Common TOPIK I Patterns

• Verb/Adjective stem + 아/어도 + Verb/Clause → Even if / Even though / Although
• 비가 와도 + Verb → Even if it rains, (do something)
• 늦어도 + Verb → Even if (someone) is late, (do something)

End of Lesson

Now you know how to use **~아/어도** to express **“even if”** or **“even though”** in Korean!
This is a very useful pattern for adding nuance and natural flow to your sentences.
Practice using it with different situations — you’ll sound much more fluent and expressive! 🎉